VAT Exemption

Kleinunternehmer VAT Threshold Checker

Check if you qualify for the Kleinunternehmer VAT exemption (§19 UStG) based on your revenue.

Enter your total gross revenue for the current calendar year to date

Your best estimate for the full calendar year, used to check next year's eligibility

Enter 0 if this is your first year of self-employment

Check your VAT exemption status

Enter your revenue figures to see if you qualify for the Kleinunternehmer VAT exemption under §19 UStG.

What is the Kleinunternehmerregelung and how does it work?

The Kleinunternehmerregelung (small business regulation) is defined in §19 UStG (Umsatzsteuergesetz, the German VAT Act). It allows freelancers and small business owners to be exempt from charging VAT (Umsatzsteuer) on their invoices, significantly simplifying their accounting and making their services more price-competitive for private clients.

To qualify as a Kleinunternehmer, you must meet two thresholds:

  • Your actual revenue last year must have been ≤€22,000
  • Your projected revenue this year must be ≤€50,000

If you qualify, you don't charge 19% VAT (or 7% for certain services) on your invoices. Instead, you must add the following note to every invoice: "Gemäß §19 UStG wird keine Umsatzsteuer berechnet."

The main disadvantage is that you cannot reclaim input VAT (Vorsteuer) on your business purchases. If you buy expensive equipment or services with VAT, you absorb that cost. For businesses with high expenses, it may be worth voluntarily opting into the regular VAT system (Regelbesteuerung).

If you choose to opt into VAT voluntarily, you're locked in for 5 years before you can switch back to Kleinunternehmer status.

Important:If you exceed the €50,000 threshold mid-year, you must start charging VAT immediately, from the invoice that crosses the threshold, not from the next invoice or calendar year. You'll need to register with your Finanzamt, obtain a USt-IdNr (VAT ID), and begin filing quarterly Umsatzsteuer-Voranmeldung via ELSTER.

Remember: Kleinunternehmer status only affects VAT. You still pay income tax (Einkommensteuer) on your profits like everyone else.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Kleinunternehmerregelung?
The Kleinunternehmerregelung (§19 UStG) is a VAT exemption for small businesses in Germany. If you qualify, you don't charge VAT (Umsatzsteuer) on your invoices. To qualify, your previous year's revenue must be ≤€22,000 AND your current year's projected revenue must be ≤€50,000. You must add the note "Gemäß §19 UStG wird keine Umsatzsteuer berechnet" to every invoice.
Can I choose to charge VAT even if I qualify as Kleinunternehmer?
Yes, you can voluntarily opt into the regular VAT system (Regelbesteuerung) even if you qualify as Kleinunternehmer. This lets you reclaim input VAT on your business purchases, which is useful if you have significant expenses. However, once you opt in, you're locked in for 5 years before you can switch back.
What happens if I accidentally exceed the threshold?
If you exceed the €50,000 threshold during the year, you must start charging VAT immediately, from the invoice that crosses the threshold, not from the next calendar year. You'll need to inform affected clients, register for VAT with your Finanzamt, and begin filing quarterly VAT returns (Umsatzsteuer-Voranmeldung) via ELSTER.
Does the Kleinunternehmer threshold apply to gross or net revenue?
The threshold applies to your gross revenue (Einnahmen), meaning total income before deducting any business expenses. It is not your profit. It is the total amount you invoice to clients.
Can I reclaim VAT on my business purchases as a Kleinunternehmer?
No, this is the main disadvantage of the Kleinunternehmer status. You cannot reclaim input VAT (Vorsteuer) on business purchases like equipment, software, or services. If you have significant business expenses, it may be worth opting into the regular VAT system.
Does the threshold reset every year?
Yes, your Kleinunternehmer status is checked annually. Each year, you're evaluated based on your actual revenue from the previous year (must be ≤€22,000) and your projected revenue for the current year (must be ≤€50,000). If you exceed either threshold, you lose the exemption.